1. Das Capital, Volume 1
   A Critical Analysis of Capitalist Production
   Resource Type: Book
   Published: 1890
   Marx's great work sets out to grasp and portray the totality of the capitalist mode of production, and the bourgeois society that emerges from it. He describes and connects all its economic features, together with its legal, political, religious, artistic, philosophical and ideological manifestations.
2. Great moments in satire: a love note to the haters
   Resource Type: Article
   Published: 2014
   An article by Hugh Goldring about Great Moments in Leftism, a comic strip that highlights the often absurd nature of the radical left.
3. The Phenomenology of Mind
   Resource Type: Book
   Published: 1807
   The birthplace and essence of Hegel's dialectic.
4. Postmodernism: Paralysed by postmodernism
   Resource Type: Article
   Published: 2008
   A great deal of "theory" in the humanities and social sciences -- and not just postmodern theory -- involves the creating of a kind of conceptual landscape filled with curious kinds of abstract objects -- "language", "power", "justice", "state", "culture", "government", "the polity", "the economy" and a host of others, which are viewed "theoretically" from somewhere way "outside" or "above" them. But it is just this way of looking at things -- from "on high" -- that makes it so difficult to see how people in the landscape are able to create and re-create the world in which they live, and are not simply trapped or formed by it. In fashionable postmodernist treatments of identity or subjectivity, language, as the ultimately hollow and imprisoning object, is put together with the notion that anybody who uses words must be committed to the standard definition of those words, to produce the conclusion that "language" determines the meaning of "identity" words such as man, woman, gay, straight, black, white, natural, normal -- and thus "constructs" (as it is said) human identity or subjectivity itself.
5. The Trouble with Theory
   The Educational Costs of Postmodernism
   Resource Type: Book
   Published: 2008
   Postmodern theory has engaged the hearts and heads of the brightest students because of its apparent political and social radicalism. Yet Kitching writes: "At the heart of postmodernism is very poor, deeply confused, and misbegotten philosophy. As a result even the very best students who fall under its sway produce radically incoherent ideas about language, meaning, truth, and reality."

Experts on Abstraction in the Sources Directory

1. Guggenheim Museum Bilbao
2. MoMA Museum of Modern Art