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First World War
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  1. The ABC of Communism
    Resource Type: Book
    Published: 1920
    Written as a commentary on the Bolshevik Party program, combining a vision of communist society with a program for practical action.
  2. Against Capitalism
    The European Left on the March

    Resource Type: Book
    Published: 2007
  3. Age of Extremes
    The Short Twentieth Century 1914 - 1991

    Resource Type: Book
    Published: 1997
    A overview of the history of the years 1914 - 1991.
  4. Arab Revolt (1916 - 1918)
    Connexipedia Article

    Resource Type: Article
    Was initiated by the Sherif Hussein ibn Ali with the aim of securing independence from the ruling Ottoman Turks and creating a single unified Arab state spanning from Aleppo in Syria to Aden in Yemen.
  5. Battle of the Somme: the horrific epitome of the first world war
    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 2014
    Thousands of men who went over the top that morning thought they would meet little resistance. 57,000 were dead or wounded by the end of the day.
  6. The Changing History of the First World War
    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 2014
    The war the Tories and their favourite historians would like to spin is one where nationalism was triumphant and where workers and soldiers did their duty for their country. For other historians, the war is a patchwork of fragmented experiences and stories with no “grand” explanation. A truly historical materialist understanding of the war must be able to encompass and learn from the detail—whether of battles or strikes, psychological trauma or the assassination of royalty—and weave it into a world in which the development of capitalism brought about the bleakest and most horrifying catastrophe. And it must be able to explain how the material experience of that catastrophe drove millions to question and to revolt and to present the system as a whole with the most profound threat of its existence.
  7. Christmas in the Trenches
    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 1984
    Lyrics to a song commemorating the Christmas Truce of 1914 on the Western and Eastern Fronts during World War I.
  8. 100 Wörter des Jahrhunderts
    Resource Type: Book
    Published: 1999
  9. Either Or
    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 1916
    It is a question of either-or! Either we nakedly and shamelessly betray the International or we take the International in deadly seriousness and attempt to extend it into a firm stronghold, a bulwark, of the international socialist proletariat and of world peace.
  10. The End of "The Great War"
    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 2018
    A thorough look at the ending of World War I, focusing especially on class conflict.
  11. French Army Mutinies (1917)
    Connexipedia Article

    Resource Type: Article
    Involved nearly half of the French infantry divisions stationed on the western front.
  12. Germany and Britain: Memory and Myopia
    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 2014
    Ernst Barlach was one of Germany's great expressionist artists of the early twentieth century. A virulent nationalist in the run-up to the First World War, Barlach found that his experience of the Western Front stripped him of his jingoism. Much of his subsequent work explored the sorrow and suffering that he saw as the human condition.
  13. The Great Class War
    1914-1918

    Resource Type: Book
    Published: 2016
    In this critical, revisionist account, historian Jacques Pauwels shows how the First World War was rooted in class strife that begin with the French Revolution in 1789 and continued long past the war itself. As Pauwels sees it, war seemed to offer major benefits to the European upper classes of the early twentieth century, who felt threatened by the seemingly irresistible process of democratization or, as they saw it, the "rise of the masses." War was expected to serve as an antidote to social revolution, causing workers to abandon socialism's focus on overthrowing the established order via internaitonal worker solidarity in favour of nationalism and militarism.
  14. The Great Schism
    Socialism and War in 1914

    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 2014
    This article sketches the limitations of Second International Marxism before outlining the strengths and weaknesses of Lenin’s alternative.
  15. The Great War and Canadian Society
    An Oral History

    Resource Type: Book
    Published: 1978
    Recollections of Canadian men and women who lived thorugh the First World War and recall life in the trenches and on the homefront.
  16. The Junius Pamphlet
    The Crisis of Social Democracy

    Resource Type: Book
    Published: 1916
    The voting of war credits in August 1914 was a shattering moment in the life of individual socialists and of the socialist movement in Europe. Those who had worked for, and wholly believed in the ability of, organized labour to stand against war now saw the major social democratic parties of Germany, France, and England rush to the defense of their fatherlands. Worker solidarity had proved an impotent myth. Rosa Luxemburg had for years warned against the stultifying effects of the overly bureaucratized German Social Democratic Party and the anti-revolutionary tendencies of the trade unions that played such a large role in the party's policy decisions. She spent much of the war in jail, where she wrote and then smuggled this pamphlet. Published under the name "Junius," the pamphlet became the guiding statement for the International Group, which became the Spartacus League.
  17. The Life of Bertrand Russell
    Resource Type: Book
    Published: 1975
    A biography of the political activist, philosopher and mathematician.
  18. A Marxist History of the World part 67: Reform or Revolution?
    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 2012
    The world Socialist movement was blown apart as its members supported the First World War. Neil Faulkner looks at how the question of reform or revolution lay behind the split.
  19. A Marxist History of the World part 68: 1914: descent into barbarism
    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 2012
    In the summer of 1914 capitalism tipped humanity into an abyss of barbarism that would leave millions dead. Neil Faulkner looks at the First World War.
  20. A Marxist History of the World part 69: The First World War
    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 2012
    Neil Faulkner looks at how capitalism plunged humanity into an abyss of carnage, destruction, and waste without precedent, as mass production methods produced industrialised slaughter.
  21. A Marxist History of the World part 70: 1917: the February Revolution
    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 2012
    As WWI turned into a protracted, bloody struggle the initial enthusiasm gave way to growing class tensions which exploded first in Russia's February Revolution.
  22. A Marxist History of the World part 75: The German Revolution
    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 2012
    At the end of the First World War, the epicentre of revolution moved from Petrograd to Berlin. Why did the German communists fail where the Bolsheviks had succeded?
  23. A Marxist History of the World part 76: Italy's 'Two Red Years'
    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 2012
    Like Germany, Italy was on the brink of revolution in the summer of 1920, after the strains of imperialist war had levered open deep fractures in an unstable social order.
  24. The mass strike in the First World War
    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 2015
    The mass strikes of the First World War displayed all the characteristics earlier described by Rosa Luxemburg. City and trade-wide strikes; national strikes; street fighting; demonstrations; the raising of economic demands and political demands, and of both.
  25. November 11
    Remembrance Day

    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 2020
    Official remembrances are often about forgetting as much as they are about remembering.
  26. 100 years ago: Two calls to struggle against the world war
    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 2014
    Shortly after the outbreak of the First World War, 100 years ago, two Russian socialist leaders, V.I. Lenin and Leon Trotsky, published antiwar manifestos that greatly influenced the international socialist response to the conflict.
  27. Other Voices: The Connexions Newsletter - August 21, 2014
    Killings by Police

    Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
    Published: 2014
    Topic of the week is Killings by Police. Articles on the way the Ebola crisis illuminates the moral bankruptcy of capitalism; Responding the capitalist crisis, in 1914 and 2014; Globaling Gaza: Israel's leading role in undemining international law; and Marinaleda, a town in Spain attempting to create alternatives based on democracy, co-operation, and mutual aid. Group of the Week is Librarians and Archivists with Palestine.
  28. Other Voices: The Connexions Newsletter - January 29, 2015
    Land seizures and land take-overs

    Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
    Published: 2015
    This issue of Other Voices focuses on the issue of land seizures and land take-overs. Also included: Greece's solidarity movement, and the challenges and opportunities it faces after the election of a Syrizia government. From the archives, there are interviews about the 1974 occupation of Anicinabe Park, an article about anti-dicrimination fighter Viola Desmond, and the publication, in 1929, of All Quiet on the Western Front.
  29. The Patricias: A Century of Service
    Resource Type: Book
    Published: 2013
    There have been many books that have examined the various regiments of the Canadian Forces. But few have been written with the depth of expertise and wealth of imagery seen in The Patricias: A Century of Service.
  30. A People's History of the United States
    1492 - Present

    Resource Type: Book
    Published: 2003
    Zinn's history includes those most ignored by typical American textbook history, including Indians, blacks, women and workers.
  31. A People's History of the World
    From the Stone Age to the New Millennium

    Resource Type: Book
    Published: 1999
    Harman describes the shape and course of human history as a narrative of ordinary people forming and re-forming complex societies in pursuit of common human goals.
  32. Responding to capitalist disaster, in 1914 and today
    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 2014
    World War I began 100 years ago. Today's ecosocialist movement has much to learn from the revolutionaries who campaigned to stop that catastrophe.
  33. Rosa Luxemburg
    Abridged Edition

    Resource Type: Book
    Published: 1969
    A biography of Luxemburg by a British academic.
  34. Rosa Luxemburg Speaks
    Resource Type: Book
    Published: 1970
    A selection of speeches and writings by Rosa Luxemburg.
  35. Shirkers and Conchies
    How Governments Tried to Silence WWI Resisters

    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 2014
    Peace activists faced enemy treatment but left a legacy of perserverance, writes Tim Gee.
  36. Sixteen Months in Four German Prisons
    Mahoney, Henry Charles; Talbot, Frederick Arthur Ambrose

    Resource Type: Book
    Published: 1917
  37. The Story of the Christmas Truce
    Resource Type: Article
    On Christmas Day, 1914, in the first year of World War I, German, British and French soldiers disobeyed their superiors and fraternized with "the enemy" along two-thirds of the Western Front. German troops held Christmas trees up out of the trenches with signs, "Merry Christmas." "You no shoot, we no shoot." Thousands of troops streamed across no-man's land strewn with rotting corpses. Soldiers embraced men they had been trying to kill a few short hours before. A shudder ran through the high command on either side. Here was disaster in the making: soldiers declaring their brotherhood with each other and refusing to fight.
  38. Through the Iron Bars
    Two years of German occupation in Belgium

    Resource Type: Book
    Published: 1917
  39. Working Class Experience
    Rethinking the History of Canadian Labour, 1800-1991

    Resource Type: Book
    Published: 1992
    From nineteenth-century tavern life to late twentieth-century cinema, from rough canallers and the first stirrings of craft unionism to contemporary public-sector strikes, this books provides a sweeping interpretive study of the history of the Canadian working class since 1800.
  40. World War One and the rehabilitation of slaughter
    Resource Type: Article
    Published: 2014
    Damaged by Iraq, ground down in Afghanistan, defeated over Syria, the jingoistic right are determined to rewrite the history of the First World War in an effort to rehabilitate imperialist war in the early 21st century.

Experts on First World War in the Sources Directory

  1. Canadian Encyclopedia
  2. Imperial War Museum


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