- The Age of Imperialistic Wars
Resource Type: Article Published: 2015 There is no question that wars and military threats have replaced diplomacy, negotiations and democratic elections as the principal means of resolving political conflicts. Throughout the present year (2015) wars have spread across borders and escalated in intensity.
- America's Deadliest Export: Democracy
The Truth About US Foreign Policy and Everything Else Resource Type: Book Published: 2013 Since World War II, the world has believed that US foreign policy means well, and that Americas motives in spreading democracy are honorable, even noble. William Blum, a leading non-mainstream chronicler of American foreign policy, argues that nothing could be further from the truth. Moreover, unless this fallacy is unlearned, and until people understand fully the worldwide suffering American policy has caused, we will never be able to stop the monster.
- America's Long History of Meddling in Russia
Resource Type: Article Published: 2020 Setting aside the question of whether it's smart to take the U.S. government at its word it isn't if Russia were to meddle in our domestic politics, we would have it coming. To say the least.
- The Anti-Empire Report #132
Resource Type: Article Published: 2014 Each of you Im sure has met many people who support American foreign policy, with whom youve argued and argued. You point out one horror after another, from Vietnam to Iraq. From god-awful bombings and invasions to violations of international law and torture. And nothing helps. Nothing moves this person. Now why is that? Are these people just stupid? I think a better answer is that they have certain preconceptions. Consciously or unconsciously, they have certain basic beliefs about the United States and its foreign policy, and if you dont deal with these basic beliefs you may as well be talking to a stone wall. The most basic of these basic beliefs, I think, is a deeply-held conviction that no matter what the United States does abroad, no matter how bad it may look, no matter what horror may result, the government of the United States means well.
- Basta! No Mandate for War
A Pledge of Resistance Handbook Resource Type: Book More than 65,000 Americans have now pledged to protest any escalation in U.S. foreign and/or military intervention in Central America. This handbook offers a brief guide to the situation in Nicaragua and El Salvador, information about the Pledge of Resistance campaign, selections on nonviolent resistance, and preparation and training materials for nonviolent action. Includes agenda, resources, and checklists for planning and working locally.
- The Bay of Pigs and Chronic Hubris
The Same Mistake for 52 Years Resource Type: Article Published: 2013 April 17-19 marks the 52nd anniversary of the US-sponsored Bay of Pigs invasion by Cuban exiles, our proxies to try to overthrow the Cuban Revolution.
- Bellwood Health Services Inc.
Media Profile in Sources Resource Type: Organization
- Beware the Anti-Anti-War Left
Why Humanitarian Interventionism is a Dead End Resource Type: Article Published: 2012 Ever since the 1990s, and especially since the Kosovo war in 1999, anyone who opposes armed interventions by Western powers and NATO has to confront what may be called an anti-anti-war left (including its far left segment).
- Blood on the Border: A Memoir of the Contra War
Resource Type: Book Published: 2016 Seamlessly blending the personal and the political, Blood on the Border is Dunbar-Ortiz's firsthand account of the decade-long dirty war pursued by the Contras and the United States against the people of Nicaragua.
- The CIA: A Forgotten History
U.S. Global Interventions Since World War II Resource Type: Book Published: 1989 This book tells the remarkable story of the multifarious US/CIA interventions in more than fifty foreign countries. Here are all the details of these exploits, the operations behind the overthrow of governments, suppression of revolutions, perversions of elections, assassination of leaders, manipulation of trade unions and other organizations. Here is the account of each of the most significant American interventions.
- The CIA in Ukraine
Resource Type: Article Published: 2017 Edited excerpt from "The CIA as Organized Crime", by Douglas Valentine, detailing the CIA's activities in Ukraine and influence on political movements there.
- The CIA's Greatest Hits
Resource Type: Book Published: 1994 Brief case studies of the CIA's greatest 'triumphs'.
- Connexions Library: Imperialism and Colonialism Focus Page
Resource Type: Website Published: 2009
- Connexions Library: Peace Focus
Resource Type: Website Selected articles, books, websites and other resources on peace and conflict resolution.
- The Coup
1953, the CIA, and the Roots of Modern U.S.-Iranian Relations Resource Type: Book Published: 2013 In 1953, the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency organized the overthrow of Irans democratically elected leader and installed Muhammad Reza Shah Pahlavi in his place. Over the next 26, the U.S. backed the unpopular, authoritarian shah and his secret police; in exchange, it reaped a share of Irans oil wealth. The blowback was almost inevitable, as this new and revealing history of the coup and its consequences shows.
- The Coup of Coups
Putting the Shah of Shahs on the Peacock Throne Resource Type: Article Published: 2013
- Cuba 1959 to 1980s
The Unforgivable Revolution Resource Type: Article Published: 1995 An account of the CIA's continuing covert war against Cuba.
- Cuba's Invasion Fears
Resource Type: Article Published: 1991 There is nothing irrational about Cuba's fears of being invaded by the United States.
- The "Decent Left" and the Libya Intervention
A Reply to Michael Bérubé Resource Type: Article Published: 2011 Western elites were perfectly comfortable with Gaddafis oppressive rule, including his use of torture. These states only broke with Gaddafi when his hold on power tottered, in response to the Arab Spring, and he ceased to be useful. He was no longer viewed as a reliable protector of Western access to Libyas oil resources.
- The Destabilization of Haiti
Resource Type: Article Published: 2004 A short summary of the illegal and suppressed details of American intervention in Haiti during the 1990's and early 2000's.
- Destabilization and regime change
Introduction to the May 7, 2016 issue of Other Voices Resource Type: Article Published: 2016 People looking at the United States from the outside tend to assume that life is easy when you're an imperialist superpower in command of the world's largest military forces, backed by the worlds most powerful economy. With so much power concentrated in your hands, what could possibly go wrong?
- The Dirty Hand of the National Endowment for Democracy in Venezuela
Agents of Destabilization Resource Type: Article Published: 2014 Anti-government protests in Venezuela that seek regime change have been led by several individuals and organizations with close ties to the US government. The National Endowment for Democracy NED and the US Agency for International Development (USAID) have channeled multi-million dollar funding to Lopezs political parties Primero Justicia and Voluntad Popular, and Machados NGO Sumate and her electoral campaigns.
- Foreign Interventions in Revolutionary Russia
Resource Type: Article Published: 2018 All over Europe, the First World War had brought about a potentially revolutionary situation as early as 1917. In countries where the authorities continued to represent the traditional elite, exactly as had been the case in 1914, they aimed to prevent the realization of this potential by means of repression, concessions, or both.
- Hailed as a Model for Successful Intervention, Libya Proves to be the Exact Opposite
Resource Type: Article Published: 2015 Advocates of the U.S. intervention in Lybia regard the event as a proof of success. Greenwald discusses why things are working in the opposite way.
- Hilary Clinton: Candidate of War
Resource Type: Article Published: 2016 The U.S. political/media establishment only permits the propaganda version of the Syrian conflict -- and Hillary Clinton fully embraced it in her belligerent comments in the second presidential debate.
- Humanitarian Imperialism
Using Human Rights to Sell War Resource Type: Book Published: 2006 Since the end of the Cold War, the idea of human rights has been made into a justification for intervention by the world's leading economic and military powers, above all, the United States, in countries that are vulnerable to their attacks.
- Inside the Shadowy PR Firm That's Lobbying for Regime Change in Syria
Resource Type: Article Published: 2016 Posing as a non-political solidarity organization, the Syria Campaign leverages local partners and media contacts to push the U.S. into toppling another Middle Eastern government.
- An Interview With Noam Chomsky on Obama's Human Rights Record
Nothing Can Justify Torture Resource Type: Article Published: 2012 America's human rights record under the administration of President Obama and the military intervention policies that have seen increased use during the Arab Spring.
- The Iraq Crisis in Context
Resource Type: Article Published: 2003 A rogue state, heavily armed with weapons of mass destruction, openly contempuous of international law and the United Nations, plunges the world into crisis.
- The Iraq War Was an Act of Military Aggression Launched on a False Pretext: Remarks on the Chilcot Inquiry Report
Resource Type: Article Published: 2016 The following is a transcript of Jeremy Corbyn's remarks in the House of Commons.
- Killing Hope
U.S. Military and CIA Interventions Since World War II Resource Type: Book Published: 2008 Is the United States a force for democracy? William Blum serves up a forensic overview of U.S. foreign policy spanning sixty years. For those who want the details on the U.S.'s most famous actions (Chile, Cuba, Vietnam, to name a few), and for those who want to learn about lesser-known efforts (France, China, Bolivia, Brazil, for example), this book provides a window on what U.S. foreign policy goals really are. "If you flip over the rock of American foreign policy of the past century, this is what crawls out
invasions
bombings
overthrowing governments
occupations
suppressing movements for social change
assassinating political leaders
perverting elections
manipulating labor unions
manufacturing news
death squads
torture
biological warfare
depleted uranium
drug trafficking
mercenaries
Its not a pretty picture. Its enough to give imperialism a bad name."
- Libya's Hell, Enabled by Canadian Humanitarians
Who Will Protect Libyans Now? Resource Type: Article Published: 2013 One of the darkest and most shameful chapters in Western military intervention continues to play out in spades in Libya. Recent news from Benghazi revealed that one of the (literally hundreds) of murderous militias opened fire on peaceful, white-flag-bearing protesters (protesting militias), killing at least 20 and wounding over 130.
- The Making of Juan Guaidó: How the US Regime Change Laboratory Created Venezuela's Coup Leader
Resource Type: Article Published: 2019 A detailed account of US-backed groups that positioned Juan Guaidó to declare himself president of Venezuela.
- Massacres That Matter - Part 1 - 'Responsibility To Protect' In Egypt, Libya And Syria
Resource Type: Article Published: 2013 Where offending states fail to live up to this responsibility by inflicting genocide, ethnic cleansing and other crimes against humanity on their own people, the international community has a responsibility to act.
- 1965 U.S. Invasion of Dominican Republic
Resource Type: Article Published: 2015 In 1965 Democratic U.S. president Lyndon B. Johnson launched a bloody invasion of the Dominican Republic. Tens of thousands of troops were dispatched to that Caribbean country to suppress a prerevolutionary situation and secure the interests of American sugar companies.
- A Nonviolent Strategy to Defeat the US Coup Attempt in Venezuela
To the People of Venezuela Resource Type: Article Published: 2019 An open letter to the people of Venezuela regarding the US coup and with support for how they can resist.
- Obama Launches an Illegal War in Syria
Resource Type: Unclassified Published: 2014 President Obamas decision to bomb Syria stands in stark violation of international law, the UN Charter, and the requirements of the U.S. Constitution.
- Official Enemies
Introduction to the August 27, 2017 issue of Other Voices Resource Type: Article Published: 2017 We are never left in any doubt about who our enemies are. The word goes out from the United States that a certain country is a dictatorship which abuses human rights, supports terrorism, and poses a terrible threat to the U.S. and to the world. The mainstream media then swing into action with military precision and flood us with stories, images, and commentary about how dreadful country 'X' is.
- On the 'Duty to Protect'
Resource Type: Article Published: 2018 On April 14, 2018, U.S.-British-French forces launched a missile strike on alleged Syrian chemical weapons facilities, citing as justification the 'duty to protect'. Finkel make it clear that this attack was illegal under international law.
- Other Voices: The Connexions Newsletter - October 16, 2014
Arms Trade Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 2014 Topic of the week is the Arms Trade. Featured resources include The No-Nonsense Guide to the Arms Trade, an article on Israel's War Business, and the Coalition to Oppose the Arms Trade. A new feature in Other Voices is the Film of the Week: to start off, we spotlight The Corporation, an exploration of the dominant institution of our time. Plus: Lying to ourselves about the air war, Karl Marx's critique of modern agriculture, and a challenge to Montreal's anti-protest bylaw.
- Other Voices: The Connexions Newsletter - February 26, 2015
Ukraine Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 2015 Ukraine is spotlighted in this issue of Other Voices, with several articles on the events of the past year, from the overthrow of the government, to the rise of the far right, the armed conflict in the east, and aggressive US/NATO moves setting the stage for a possible nuclear war between the US and Russia. Also in this issue, #DomesticExtremists ridicule police state legislation in the UK, world inequality in one simple graphic, and people's history items about mass strikes in the First World War, and the new People's Archive of Rural India.
- Other Voices: The Connexions Newsletter - May 7, 2016
Destabilization and Regime Change Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 2016 When governments get too far out of line -- the most outrageous offence, from the point of view of imperial power, is pursuing policies that help ordinary people at the expense of transnational corporations and local elites -- then they have to be overthrown. The preferred method is a destabilization campaign followed by a coup. This issue of Other Voices focuses destabilization and regime change.
- Other Voices: The Connexions Newsletter - May 28, 2017
Resisting Injustice Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 2017 In this issue, we look at the relentless persistence of people challenging injustice and entrenched power in places around the world, including Palestine, Korea, China, Canada, and the United States. We spotlight the hunger strike by Palestinian political prisoners languishing in Israeli prisons, workers’ strikes in China, and people in South Korea taking on a corrupt government. In the United States, the Equal Justice Initiative is collecting soil from places where blacks were lynched as a way of remembering their lives and the brutally racist society that murdered them. An article on recent terrorist attacks in Britain asks what underlies ideological violence and sociopathic rage. Ralph Nader asks why people who are supposed to be professional questioners avoid asking hard questions of those in power.
- Other Voices: The Connexions Newsletter - August 27, 2017
Official Enemies Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 2017 Why and how do some countries become 'enemies'? How and why do governments and media work in tandem to demonize official enemies? Who are the people who live in those countries, what are their lives like, and why should we consider them our enemies?
- Overthrowing other people's governments: The Master List
Resource Type: Article Published: 2013 Instances of the United States overthrowing, or attempting to overthrow, a foreign government since the Second World War.
- The Passion of Richard Seymour
Book Reviews of "The Liberal Defence of Murder" and "UnHitched: The Trial of Christopher Hitchen" by Richard Seymour Resource Type: Article Published: 2013 The books of Richard Seymour skewer the predictable platitudes and puncture the sanctimonious pretensions of the "Pro-War Left," what was a transatlantic confederacy of journalists, public intellectuals, and bloggers that championed the March 2003 U.S.-led invasion of Iraq as a "humanitarian intervention."
- Pickerel Lake Recovery Center
Media Profile in Sources Resource Type: Organization
- The Politics of Nonviolent Action
Part Two: The Methods of Nonviolent Action Resource Type: Book Published: 1973 An encyclopedic treatment of the theory and practice of nonviolence, with a detailed examination of 198 specific methods of the technique illustrated with actual cases within the broad classes of nonviolent protest and persuasion, non-cooperation (social, economic and political) and nonviolent intervention.
- Press for Conversion #43
December 2000 Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 2000
- Press for Conversion #60
March 2007 Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 2007 This issue of the magazine exposes ten ways in which Canada's Liberal government was complicit in aiding and abetting the 2004 coup d'état that ousted President Aristide's democratically-elected government and supporting the illegal, coup-installed regime that was responsible for two-year human rights catastrophe that followed.
- Press for Conversion #62
May 2008 Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 2008 The Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) helped overthrow the democratically-elected government of Jean Bertrand Aristide in 2004. In the years prior to this US-led regime change, although Aristide and his Lavalas government were extremely popular among the country's poor citizens, CIDA drastically cut bilateral aid. CIDA then poured millions into extremely partisan Haitian groups that represented the interests of Haiti's corporate elite.
- The Purpose And The Pretence - Bombing Isis
Resource Type: Article Published: 2014 Traditionally, claims that an Official Enemy is uniquely Evil rise to a deafening crescendo just prior to an attack on that enemy.
- Relentless Persistence
Nonviolent Action in Latin America Resource Type: Book Published: 1991 There is in Latin America a tradition of "firmeza permanente," relentless persistence, which has enabled the people to preserve parts of their culture during five centuries of conquest and oppression.
- A Review of NATO's War over Kosovo
Resource Type: Article Published: 2001 In wake of the end of the Kosovo conflict, Chomsky attempts a dispassionate analysis of the crisis, differentiating between two approaches available to the international community in such situations.
- The road to Ukraine started with 1999's Kosovo War
Resource Type: Article Published: 2022 On March 24, 1999, NATO launched an air war against Serbia and Montenegro, then known as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
- Rogue State
A Guide to the World's Only Superpower Resource Type: Book Published: 2005 A mini-encyclopedia of the numerous un-humanitarian acts perpetrated by the United States since the end of the Second World War.
- Secret Armies, Shadow Wars, Silent Unaccountability
Resource Type: Article Published: 2016 We live today in an era of postmodern war. It's a two-front war -- the first being the virtual front of threats, posturing, and arms buildups we persist in waging, Cold War-style, against state-based mirror-images of ourselves (Russia and China); the second being the dirty front we wage in the shadows against irregular, non-state thugs and pygmy tyrants who use their weaknesses as strengths, asymmetrically, to turn our strengths into weaknesses.
- Seeds of Fire - January 2
Resource Type: Unclassified
- The Selective Compassion of the Media & Human Rights Establishment
Ignoring the Victims of State Crimes Resource Type: Article Published: 2012 Human rights doctrine has devolved into a mere tool used by the U.S. to carry out its imperial aims, and many times by means (such as war) which cause many more human rights violations than they purport to solve.
- Setting the Record Straight: The Beirut Barracks Bombing
Resource Type: Article Published: 2017 The White House wants to blame Iran, but they're wrong. I was there.
- The Six Most Disastrous Interventions of the 21st Century
Resource Type: Article Published: 2015 On October 2, 2015, President Barack Obama, alluding to Russia's decision to launch air strikes in Syria, told reporters at the White House that for Russia to view the forces targeted "from the perspective they're all terrorists [is] a recipe for disaster, and it's one that I reject."
- The Socialist Register 1976
Volume 13: A Survey of Movements & Ideas Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 1976
- The Socialist Register 1980
Volume 17: A Survey of Movements & Ideas Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 1980
- The Socialist Register 1983
Volume 20: A Survey of Movements & Ideas Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 1983
- The Socialist Register 1984
Volume 21: The Uses of Anti-Communism Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 1984
- The Socialist Register 1987
Volume 23: Conservatism in Britain and America: Rhetoric and Reality Resource Type: Book Published: 1987
- Socialist Register 1992
Volume 28: New World Order? Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 1992
- The struggle of Venezuela against 'a common enemy'
Resource Type: Article Published: 2015 John Pilger discusses the reasons that the United States continues to work continuously to overthrow Venezuela's left-learning government. The U.S. government makes absurd claims that Venezuela poses a grave 'threat' to the United States, but the truth is the opposite: the U.S. government poses a grave threat to Venezuela and its people.
- Syria chemical warfare claims aim to provoke Western intervention
Resource Type: Article Published: 2013 The unsubstantiated charges that the Syrian regime of President Bashar al-Assad carried out a chemical weapons attack outside Damascus killing large numbers of civilians have all the hallmarks of a staged provocation aimed at provoking Western intervention.
- 1953 - 2002 - 2016: Syria and the Reemergence of McCarthyism
Resource Type: Article Published: 2016 A history of McCarthyism, or red-baiting, in US politics to justify or bolster foreign war efforts, and how the recent Syrian involvement has brought about a revival of McCarthyist discourse and tactics in the political and social realms.
- Tomorrow's Battlefield
U.S. Proxy Wars and Secret Ops in Africa Resource Type: Book Published: 2015 U.S. military is fighting shadow wars in Africa and claims that Africa is the "battlefield of tomorrow".
- U.S. Military Operations Are Biggest Motivation for Homegrown Terrorists, FBI Study Finds
Resource Type: Article Published: 2016 A secret FBI study found that anger over U.S. military operations abroad was the most commonly cited motivation for individuals involved in cases of "homegrown" terrorism. The report also identified no coherent pattern to "radicalization," concluding that it remained near impossible to predict future violent acts.
- Urgent Call for Immediate International Intervention
Sources News Release Resource Type: Article Published: 2009 The Palestinian Medical Relief Society and Physicians for Human Rights-Israel call for urgent and immediate intervention by the international community, and especially the Quartet, for the enforcement of an immediate ceasefire.
- The US coup in Venezuela: New attempt to eradicate the Chavista Revolution
Resource Type: Article Published: 2019 The coup in Venezuela is the latest in a long history of US attempts to undermine and overthrow progressive governments in Latin America. American progressives must do more to stop this aggression.
- The U.S. Embargo against Venezuela
The State Department's Mock Indignation Gives a Bad Name to U.S. Diplomacy Resource Type: Article Published: 2006 A discussion of the 2006 U.S. arms embargo against Venezuela.
- Venezuela Under Attack Again
Economic Sabotage Resource Type: Article Published: 2014 A highly organized attack is once again being carried out against the democratic and popular government of Venezuela. It has involved monetary manipulations, economic sabotage, international media campaigns against the economy despite excellent economic indicators, defamation of the state run oil company, and deadly riots on the street.
- The War on Democracy
Resource Type: Film/Video Published: 2007 This film by John Pilger explores the current and past relationship of Washington with Latin American countries such as Venezuela, Bolivia and Chile.
- The War on Democracy in Latin America: Interview with John Pilger
Resource Type: Article Published: 2016 Journalist, writer and filmmaker John Pilger granted this exclusive interview where he talks about the US war on democracy in Latin America. "Modern era imperialism is a war on democracy. Genuine democracy is a threat to unfettered power and cannot be tolerated", he says.
- Washington Launches Its Attack Against BRICS
Resource Type: Article Published: 2016 Having removed the reformist President of Argentina, Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner, Washington is now disposing of the reformist President of Brazil, Dilma Rousseff.
- Washington Seeks Regime Change in Venezuela
Agents of Destabilization Resource Type: Article Published: 2014 Both the ongoing protests in Venezuela and the economic problems that the demonstrators are protesting against appear to have been orchestrated by the opposition in order to destabilize the country and bring down the government. Unable to gain power through the ballot box, the Venezuelan opposition has turned to unconstitutional means to oust President Nicolas Maduro.
- What the Media Won't Tell You About the Venezuelan Coup
Resource Type: Article Published: 2019 Calling Venezuela's election illegitimate is false and is also a familiar tactic for US interference in a country's government.
- When Canada Invaded Russia
Resource Type: Article Published: 2017 The corporate media presents Russia as militaristic but ignores Canadas invasion of that country.
- When Is Direct Military Intervention Not Direct Military Intervention?
Resource Type: Article Published: 2016 Since 2014, according to official Pentagon figures, the US has carried out 5,337 airstrikes in Syria. Yet the New York Times continues to pretend that the U.S. has not intervened militarily in Syria.
- Where the conspiracies are real
Resource Type: Article Published: 2015 US expansionism in Latin America, sometimes violent, sometimes discreet, played such a large role in shaping the history of the continent that many still see the "black hand" of Washington behind every obstacle faced by progressive governments.
- Where War Reporting Goes Wrong
A Diary of Four Wars Resource Type: Article Published: 2013 The four recent conflicts in Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya and Syria have been propaganda wars in which newspaper, television and radio journalists played a central role. In all wars there is a difference between reported news and what really happened, but during these four campaigns the outside world has been left with misconceptions even about the identity of the victors and the defeated.
- Why Qaddafi had to go: African gold, oil and the challenge to monetary imperialism
Resource Type: Article Published: 2016 What was NATO's violent intervention in Libya really all about? Now we know, writes Ellen Brown, thanks to Hillary Clinton's recently published emails. It was to prevent the creation of an independent hard currency in Africa that would free the continent from economic bondage under the dollar, the IMF and the French African franc, shaking off the last heavy chains of colonial exploitation.
- Would You Believe That the United States Tried to do Something That was Not Nice Against Hugo Chávez?
The Plan to Destabilize Venesuela Resource Type: Article Published: 2013 Wikileaks releases documents on U.S. efforts to overthrow Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez.
- Yemen as Laboratory: Why is the West So Silent About This Savage War?
Resource Type: Article Published: 2015 What is at stake in Yemen that far more systematic violations of the Geneva Conventions than in any of the recent wars which Western powers have supported in the Arab world (Iraq, Syria, Libya and Gaza) are met with resounding silence? For six months there has been a blockade of food and fuel, and management of aid (even that through the UN) as part of war strategy, bombing of civilian, historical, educational, religious and medical targets, destruction of infrastructure from roads to electricity and water, and use of prohibited weapons.
|
AlterLinks
© 2021.
|